Abstract：Objective: To study the imaging feature of primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) and osteomalacia(OM) on radionuclide bone scan and investigate the value of bone scan in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis． Methods: The whole-body bone scan findings of 46 primary hyperparathyroidism patients and 24 osteomalacia patients who had been proven by pathology or clinical followed-up were retrospectively analyzed. The differences between the two groups in imaging manifestation and laboratory examination were compared． Results: The bone scintigraphy features of hyperparathyroidism were “black skull”, mandible, limb bone cortex concentration generally increased uptake, and if the bone imaging showed rib punctate concentration, spine strip concentration, large joint body especially weight-bearing joint radioactive concentration should be more consideration for osteomalacia. The differences of serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium and parathyroid hormone levels between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: Whole body bone imaging can be used as an important imaging method for PHPT and OM, and may be more sensitive and comprehensive to detect brown tumor and false fracture site. Combined with the imaging features and the related laboratory tests, it is helpful to differential diagnosis the two diseases.
2015, Vol. 26 
