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| Influence of pressure and frequency in testicle UE sonogram in healthy person: a factorial design research |
| QIU Shao-dong, CHEN Fei, ZENG Bi-dan, LUO Yan-hua, MAI Xing-huan |
| Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510260, China |
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Abstract Objective: To approach the influence of pressure and frequency in testicle UE sonogram in healthy person with factorial design. Methods: 305 healthy individuals were observed with UE under different pressures or frequencies, in order to analyze the differences in mean value of ROI under different conditions. Results: Both pressure and frequency can influence Mean ROI and it shows interaction between pressure and frequency; Mean increased when pressure reduced and tissue looks softer; Mean reduces when pressure increased and tissue looks harder. Different pressures, frequencies have different effect on mean ROI. Under medium pressure, it shows no significant differences in mean value between medium frequency and high frequency. Under high pressure, it shows no significant differences in mean between low frequency and high frequency. Conclusions: UE sonogram is affected by both pressure and frequency; In testicles, intermediate frequency and intermediate pressures make the sonogram steady. Pressure and frequency should be consistent in clinical and research, in order to reduce measurement error brought by operation.
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Received: 22 December 2012
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2013, Vol. 24 
