Abstract：Objective: To explore the hemodynamic characteristics and regularity of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome(UCSS) on echocardiograph. Methods: The composite echocardiograph including transthoracic echocardiography(TTE), transesophageal echocardiograph(TEE), real-time three-dimensional echocardiograph(RT3DE) and contrast echocardiograph(CE) was performed in 24 patients with UCSS that were confirmed with CT or surgical findings． Results: Twenty-four cases of UCSS includes 14 cases of typeⅠa, 2 cases of type Ⅰb, 2 cases of type Ⅱa, 2 cases of type Ⅱb, 4 cases of type Ⅲb. Color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) or CE showed persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC) draining into the left atrium on type Ⅰa UCSS, PLSVC draining into the right atrium and “spillway-like” shunting into the left atrium and atrial level left to right shunt on type Ⅱb or type Ⅲb. Conclusion: The hemodynamics of UCSS varies greatly depending not only upon its type but also upon various associated congenital anomalies. Its accurate diagnosis is sometimes difficult by TTE due to its atypical hemodynamic manifestations and may reliably be drawn by TEE, RT3DE and especially CE via finding out atrial level shunt or abnormal PLSVC draining into left atrium.
2009, Vol. 20 
