Abstract:Objective: To observe the histochemical change of MRS in pre- and post-chemotherapy of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma and predict the resistance or response to chemotherapy by 1H-MRS. Materials and Methods: MRI and MRS were performed in 20 cases pre- and post-chemotherapy. Twelve were boys and 8 were girls, the age ranged from 3 months to 12 years, the mean age was 4.5. The variation of the ratio of mobile lipid and choline pre- and post-chemotherapy were observed. Results: There is a significant difference of the ratio of mobile lipid and choline pre- and post-chemotherapy. Conclusion: The significant change of the ratio of mobile lipid and choline pre- and post-chemotherapy may be as a tool to predict the resistance or response to chemotherapy.