The defects of executive function in attentional deficit and hyperaction disorder: a study of Stroop effects by fMRI
LIU Jia-cheng1, CHU Xing2, XING Jiong2
1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; 2. The Third People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi Jiangsu 214001, China
摘要目的：通过Stroop色词范式和功能磁共振技术研究注意缺陷多动障碍（Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder，ADHD）病儿的执行功能缺陷。方法：招募13名ADHD病儿和13名匹配的健康对照。在不同冲突-调整条件下执行Stroop色词任务时，采集脑的磁共振功能影像。分析两组被试的脑激活差异，并通过反应时间与脑激活的变化关系分析脑区的工作效率，进一步分析病儿的执行功能缺陷。结果：发现病例组的外侧前额叶脑区和前扣带回脑区分别在执行高调整不一致和高冲突不一致任务时，激活高于对照组，而效能低于对照组。结论：结果支持ADHD病儿的外侧前额叶即前扣带回存在脑区高激活、低效能，这也提示ADHD的执行功能缺陷存在于执行控制和冲突响应等多环节中。
Abstract：Objective: The study investigated the defects of executive function in attention deficit and hyperaction disorder(ADHD) children when they were performing Stroop color-word tasks, by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI). Methods: Thirteen ADHDs and thirteen healthy controls were enrolled. The behavioral data and functional magnetic resonance images were required when the participants were performing a series of Stroop color-word tasks, in which he high conflict, low adjusted conditions and high adjusted, low conflict conditions were created by setting the ratio of congruent and incongruent trials in a block. The voxel-wise t-tests were applied to analyze the group differences of tasks, and quantified the brain response related to response time to analyze the efficiency in execution, to analyze the defects of executive function in ADHD. Results: The behavioral data showed that the adjustment, and congruence effects were significant(P<0.000 1), except the group effects(P>0.05). However, the interaction between group, adjustment and congruence were significant(P<0.02, P<0.000 1, P<0.001). The image analyses detected a cluster of right lateral prefrontal cortex(-36, 42, 33) and a cluster of anterior cingulate cortex(0, 52, 9) with lower efficiency in ADHD patients than that in healthy controls during incongruent tasks in high adjustment and conflict conditions, respectively. Conclusion: The results agree that the ADHD may arouse regions or higher activation or decrease them. The areas of lateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex to perform executive tasks, due to the lower efficiency in the brain areas including anterior cingulate cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex, which are related to conflict response and executive control.
刘加成1，储 兴2，邢 炯2. 注意缺陷多动障碍执行功能缺陷：基于Stroop效应的fMRI研究[J]. 中国临床医学影像杂志, 2018, 29(8): 556-559.
LIU Jia-cheng1, CHU Xing2, XING Jiong2. The defects of executive function in attentional deficit and hyperaction disorder: a study of Stroop effects by fMRI. JOURNAL OF CHINA MEDICAL IMAGING, 2018, 29(8): 556-559.
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